Hyper emesis gravidarium is an acute nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. When hyper emesis gravidarium is not treated right away it can lead to,
• Excessive lose weight
• Dehydration of production of ketones
• Malnutrition
• Metabolic imbalance
• Isolation
• Physical and emotional stress
• May lead to traumatic experience
Hyper emesis gravidarium usually happen during the first trimester of pregnancy and may come to an end by the time pregnancy reach its sixth month. In advance cases hyper emesis gravidarium lasts throughout pregnancy.
The complications of vomiting such as esophageal bleeding, malnutrition and gastric ulcers can worsen the progressive nausea. Treatment usually made by checking ketones, measuring the progressively lose weight and assessing the over all condition of a pregnant woman.
The real cause of hyper emesis gravidarium is until now studied by the experts, although it was been found out that hormonal changes plays a greater factor in having hyper emesis gravidarium. And rise of Human Chorionic Gonadothropin and Gestational trophoblastic disease also plays an important role for hyper emesis gravidarium.
If left untreated, hyper emesis gravidarium may develop the following complications in pregnancy to the mother,
• Renal failure
• Central pontine myelinolysis
• Coagulopathy
• Atrophy or shortening of muscles
• Mallory-Weiss syndrome, hypoglycemia, jaundice
Prolonged malnutrition, dehydration and distress will have a greater effect to the fetus. Chronic disease may develop such as heart ailments and diabetes on the baby’s later stage of life.
The effect of hyper emesis gravidarium is losing weight and refusing to eat. Treatment is done by alleviating the symptoms. It is basically treated as medical emergency. A pregnant woman is given anti emetic medications and administering of intravenous fluid to prevent dehydration. If the pregnant woman does not respond positively to intravenous fluid, a nutritional support is recommended. It is important that a pregnant woman with hyper emesis gravidarium gets emotional support and care.